Autonomy and Empowerment for the Elderly - 598 Words

Autonomy and Age Autonomy is the capacity of self-determination. Sometimes this may be difficult to achieve for the elderly, many of whom may be cognitively impaired or have multiple physical needs. Sometimes professionals who think they are helping the elderly may in fact impede autonomy (Guido). Often the elderly may decide to delegate decision making to another. In these circumstances it is important to be sure that the elderly person has not been coerced into selecting a certain individual act as a surrogate. Moreover, the elder should be continually asked for his or her viewpoint when a decision is to be made. There is a professional duty to make sure persons under their care have an adequate knowledge base in order to make informed decisions. The principle of benefice states that the actions a person takes should promote good. Furthermore, the principle of non-malfeasance sates that a person should do no harm (Ensign). Research suggests that it is important for elderly individuals to be empowered as long as possible in order to decrease their dependency on those around them. Typical symptoms of powerlessness are apathy, depression with an emphasis toward chronic illness, expression of no control over a situation, non-participation, and passivity (Meddaugh and Peterson). These symptoms may eventually block successful cooperation among care givers and family members. Positive health promotion can enable the elderly to increase their sense of control over and abilityShow MoreRelatedPsychological Factors Affecting Social Isolation845 Words   |  3 Pagesan older persons existing social network. The absence or weakness of the social support network forms the basis for identifying individuals who are socially isolated. According to Krishnamoorthi (2011) social isolation of the chronically ill and elderly is a costly problem. When the unmanaged chronic illness of the socially isolated becomes acutely wo rsened, mortality rates are higher and serious functional and mental debilitation requires total care from the system. Data indicates there is an increasedRead MoreThe Significance of the Study of Stepping On, a Fall Prevention Program710 Words   |  3 PagesStepping On (fall prevention program) According to Clemson (et al 2004), falls amongst the elderly represent a serious psychological as well as physical threat. Because of older patients physical frailty (as a result of complaints due to osteoporosis or arthritis), a fall can result in a substantial compromise to patient mobility and also result in a blow to patient self-confidence. Falls among the elderly represent a major economic and social problem Falls themselves and the belief that one mightRead MoreThe Ethical And Legal Issues1831 Words   |  8 PagesThe Issue The concept of autonomy spans both ethical and legal issues as it pertains to the aging population. This paper will focus on the ethical perspective of trying to keep a balance between allowing an aging (65+) person to maintain their autonomy when making rational and intelligent life choices while at the same time assisting them from making bad choices that might harm them emotionally, financial, spiritually or even physically in some instances. Autonomy comes from the Greek word forRead MoreAn Ethical Business Has a Broad Agenda and Focuses on Making a Positive Contribution to the Community.1085 Words   |  5 Pagessocial care partnership working which are as explained below. At first, Autonomy is conceptualised as ‘self-determination in health care ethics, which means if a person is autonomous, he or she can make own decisions regarding treatment and care’ (Widdershoven and Abma, 2012, p. 217). Independence indicates playing self-governing roles around everything to do with oneself (Beales and Platz, 2008). For instance, allowing an elderly client to conduct easy daily tasks on her own and waiting till the completionRead MoreSelect A Concept- Autonomy Within Nursing1471 Words   |  6 PagesSelect a concept- Autonomy in Nursing In today’s ever-changing healthcare delivery that uses patient as centered model there are issues concerning the understanding autonomy in the nurse-patient relationship. Autonomy is view as a relevant element in providing advanced nursing care to the patients, and improving the health outcomes. There are unclear descriptions in the literature about what the autonomy may be in the nursing context which results in conflicts and rejections of patient’s adherenceRead MoreTermonally Ill Patients Concept Analysis3688 Words   |  15 Pagesinability to function independently without the aid of another. When these loses are not discussed or validate with the patient they are unable to face new loses or changes of autonomy that develop during their decline. Helping the patient talk through their emotions with support, education, empowerment, and allowing new autonomy helps the patient come to acceptance of their death. Giving them stability and understanding allowing them to be able to start decision making process. Reed (2010) discussesRead MoreJean Watson1215 Words   |  5 Pagesvulnerable population for many reasons, among them the fact that physicians are reimbursed for their care at a lower rate and therefore are often less interested in providing sensitive care. In their study of disparities in antidepressant treatment among elderly Medicaid patients diagnosed with depression, Strothers, Rust, Minor, Fresh, Druss, and Satcher (2005, p. 460) determined from the data that the relative treatment or nontreatment of depression in the Medicaid population varies from state to stateRead MoreRole Of The Social Worker And How And Why They Become Involved With Individuals2302 Words   |  10 Pagesdecisions about their lives and what other factors play a part in the social work process. I will be focussing on Adults as this is the area that I am currently working in although I will reference other service areas. I will also define service user empowerment in the planning of their care and explore how care management policy aims to empower those in need. I will then look at risk management, and explore what risks are associated with care and support, and evaluate how risk can be minimised, managedRead MoreThe Theory Of Human Caring And The Adult Learning Theory Essay1722 Words   |  7 PagesThe philosophy and science of the Theory of Human Caring and the Adult Learning Theory will guide the development of this project (the education of caregiver in recognition of depression in elderly relatives). Both theories have historically provided robust frameworks that are learnedly in line with global approaches to community health and health promotion program development. Theory of Human Caring/Science of Caring The Theory of Human Caring/Science of Caring is the work of Jean Watson and focusesRead MoreLife Cycle Of A Human Being Essay1769 Words   |  8 Pagesperform activities of daily living. Similarly, the elderly population requires aid and advice to maintain independence in the later years of life. In this paper, I will discuss laws that have affected this community, services available in Florida to assist the elderly, the role of social workers in aged care and my personal experience being a caregiver for an elderly family member. Aging Services History Two federal acts have impacted the elderly. The first act took place in 1935; Title I forged a

The Theories Of The Two Directions Psychology And Theology

Entwistle addresses the concept of the two directions psychology and theology. He addresses the two concepts by bringing in other scholarly professors information and principally integrating it with Christianity. Entwistle description at the beginning of the book was very enlightening. â€Å"The scenario of â€Å"a walk in the woods,† (Entwistle, 2010, p.3) is a psychological theory for life choices. According to Entwistle, he describes the uniqueness that each counselor can bring to their practice. On the one hand, Entwistle uses the scenario where one path divides into two, psychology and theology which he compares to â€Å"the fork in the road† (Entwistle, 2010, p.3). Eventually, these two paths connect and loop back onto the same path. He used this scenario to rationally integrate psychology and Christianity. On the other hand, a secular counselor would use the same scenario to guide a client into making right choices in life. This book can help readersâ€⠄¢ see the relationships between personal beliefs and learned experiences. (Entwistle, 2010). Entwistle made it clear in his book, that you have people who uses God’s word for their convenience. He closely connected Christianity and psychology. Yet mentioned the history of Christianity and the social sciences where Christians see no connection to religion and psychology. In his book, he also talks about the allies and the enemies in favor of the cannon of church dogma.†(Entwistle, 2010). He has developed an elaborate framework toShow MoreRelatedComparing Adams with Backus and Chapian1451 Words   |  6 PagesTheory Comparisons 1 Comparing and Contrasting Crabb’s Effective Biblical Counseling with Hawkins Model For Guiding The Counseling Process Craig L. Rich Counseling 507 Dr. Evans Liberty University August 27, 2012 Comparing Theories 2 In this paper, I will discussing Crabb’s Effective Biblical Counseling (1977) and the Hawkins Model for GuidingRead MoreEssay about 4-Mat Review Entwistle1220 Words   |  5 Pages4-MAT Review of Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity Shelby Peters Liberty University 4-MAT Review of Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity Summary In his book Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity, David N. Entwistle explores the necessity of integrating psychology and Christianity, the worldview issues, philosophical foundations, models of integration and discusses the difficulty inRead MorePsychology And Christianity Second Edition By David Entwistle1248 Words   |  5 PagesSUMMARY The book Integrative approaches to psychology and Christianity second edition by David Entwistle introduces the text by explaining how psychology can go in a direction, and Christian theology approach can lead in a different direction. He continued by stating the need for understanding and studying human behavior because people come from different walks of life and different expectations. It leads us to form unique perspectives to help give us an understanding of the individuals you encounterRead MoreRene Descartes (1596-1650), A Philosopher Of The 17Th Century,878 Words   |  4 Pagesdistinguished from the body. Thus, â€Å"Descartes’s most important contribution to the development of modern psychology was his attempt to resolve the centuries-old controversy about the mind-body problem†(30). The essential question being are the mind and body distinct from one another? â€Å"Before Descartes, the accepted theory was that the interaction between mind and body flowed p rimarily in one direction†(31), meaning that the mind could expend vast influence on the body, yet the body had little to no influenceRead MoreTheory Critique of Crabb and Hawkins Essay826 Words   |  4 PagesTheory Critique of Crabb and Hawkins Jeremy Poling Liberty University Integration Dr. Crabb suggests that there are four viewpoints to integrating spirituality and psychology. The first being â€Å"Separate but Equal† This viewpoint ascertains that psychology and spirituality do not mix any more than if a person needs a filling for a cavity or the excising of their wisdom teeth, they do not peruse the scripture for direction the person goes to a dentist. This view is not solid for its veryRead MoreThe Transformational Psychology View, By Coe And Hall Essay1625 Words   |  7 PagesThe Transformational Psychology view, by Coe and Hall, believes how we live out our Christianity is more important than our understanding of how to think â€Å"Christianly.† Its an approach that states psychology is an act of doing love. It emphasizes learning, practicing, and living psychological science through the Spirit. The goal is not to relate aspects of science to faith, rather to transform science into an actual act of faith. The transformational view offers a nd values the idea of soul care forRead MoreComparison Paper of Dr. Larry Crabb’s Effective Biblical Counseling2726 Words   |  11 PagesFulfillment of the Requirements for the Course, Theology and Spirituality in Counseling PACO 507 - D05 Name of Student: John Santiago Student ID: L24473755 Class: PACO 507-D05 LUO Instructor’s Name: Dr. Marcus Tanner, LMFTA Date Submitted: 03/20/2014 Summary Dr. Crabb’s book â€Å"Effective Biblical Counseling: a Model for Helping Caring Christians Become Capable Counselors,† (Crabb, 1997), breaks problematic areas up into two categories. The first categories are those resultingRead MoreChristian Counseling and Secular Psychology 1320 Words   |  6 PagesTheory Critique In our fast passed and ever changing society, personal experiences built up over time and often make life difficult to deal with over time. Everyone has their own prospective on what is important and how they will tackle various problems they face from day to day. It is the responses to our harsh environment and experiences that can often manifest into feelings such as: anxiety, resentment and possibly guilt (Crabb, 1977). It is those that have negative experiences in life thatRead MoreCurb Comparison Paper 1- Effective Biblical Counseling1995 Words   |  8 Pages 201520 Spring 2015 PACO 507-D02 LUO Theology and Spirituality in Counseling By Shonda M. Curb March 26, 2015 Comparison Paper 1 In Effective Biblical Counseling the author, Larry Crabb (1977), develops a biblical counseling model designed to assist the Christian counselor. The purpose of this comparison paper is to detail the model of the author through several segments that expound on the foundational constructs and implications of the authors’ theory. Following the summary, this paper willRead MoreAn Evaluation Of The Homeless Call Center874 Words   |  4 Pagesdirects people to the different agency’s that could benefit them. For example, military veterans have a special shelter that works to fit their specific needs. This agency’s field area is for youth and teenagers. In Precious’ case, she is 16 and has two young children; she is going to need special help with being a young single mother. We can also offer services more common for minors in this group, such as having a lawyer who does pro bono legal services for emancipation cases. Jean Piaget pioneered

Dr. Seuss Research Paper free essay sample

These are all the things that Theodor Seuss Geisel managed to be. Geisel was born into the German family of Theodor Robert Geisel and Henrietta Seuss Geisel on March 2, 1904. He grew up having pride in his German background, but it all changed to shame after he experienced the torment of living through WWI. Despite the discouraging experiences he had during those times, they were not enough to stop the very talented â€Å"Dr. Seuss†. Geisel showed many that there were no boundaries to the imagination. Because of the hardships he had to overcome, the impact he left on young children, and the criticism he received from others, Theodor Seuss Geisel will always be remembered as the author, â€Å"Dr. Seuss, a man with a limitless imagination†. Both his mother and father played a big part in helping Geisel become who he was. From a young age his parents were able to see that he had potential. When his father would take him to the zoo, Geisel found himself drawing some of the animals he would see. Even though his sister, Margaretha Christine Geisel, would make fun of his illustrations because they were greatly out of proportion, he always stayed true to his unique style and way of thinking. When his father realized how talented Geisel was, he wanted Geisel to send a drawing to The Youth’s Companion magazine to see what they thought of Geisel’s abilities. They said, â€Å"Yes†¦he had talent† (Morgan12). From then on out his father urged him to keep on drawing. â€Å"While his father encouraged [Geisel] in his drawing, [his mother] fostered his awareness of the pleasures of words† (Morgan 14). His mother always wanted to go to college but wasn’t able to because she had to tend to her father’s bakery. So she wanted to make sure her children would be able to get a good education and go to college. She started off by reading to them. She would read bed time storied to them to try to encourage them that reading can be fun and succeeded. Geisel later stated that, more than anyone else, his mother was responsible â€Å"for the rhythms in which I write and the urgency with which I do it† (Morgan 7). Even though his parents were always there for him, they weren’t able to protect him from the ridicule he received living through World War I as a child. It was hard being a German family living in the United States during the 1917’s which was when the US Congress officially declared war against Germany. â€Å"Suddenly [Geisel’s] German descent was no longer a mantle of pride but one of shame† (Levine 15). There were even reports of Germans being stoned in the cities that were nearby. Geisel and his sister soon started to discuss ways to try to avoid the harassment they would receive at school. One of Geisel’s schoolmates told him â€Å"that he was being described as ‘the German brewer’s kid with the three-legged dog† (Levine 16). He would try to play it off that it didn’t bother him, but the results of the mockery he received showed up in some of his later writings. â€Å"The books he later became famous for were often written about characters who were different, exclude, or persecuted† (Levine 17). Geisel’s first wife, Helen Palmer Geisel, also influenced him in his career choice. Geisel and Ms. Palmer both were students at Oxford University when they met. Ms. Palmer always believed that Geisel was fit to take on a career in art. â€Å"Ted grew to respect the academic discipline he discovered at Dartmouth† and from then on out, he wanted to become a professor (Morgan 28). But when Ms. Palmer caught him doodling in class, she suggested that being a college professor didn’t suit him. She told him, â€Å"You’re crazy to be a professor†¦ What you really want to do is draw† (Morgan 45). But Geisel didn’t officially change his career choice until later on. He realized what he really wanted to do when he was vacationing in France with Ms. Palmer. He stated that â€Å"he had had enough of university study, he would never teach school† (Morgan 48). He then decided to not only take a career in art, but in literature as well. Geisel wanted to empower children and attempted to do so in his books. He felt that he should be able to do more than just simply entertain young children. He wanted to be able to teach them things about the real world. At first Geisel tried to camouflage the messages he would incorporate in his books. In Horton Hears a Who! , Geisel tried to demonstrate to children the importance of equal rights. While at the same time he tries to show the values of anti-discrimination in The Sneetchs. Later on, Geisel started to become less concerned about hiding these messages. â€Å"His purpose in each of those [later] books has been to challenge readers of all ages, including younger ones, to action, in order to resolve dire threats to life as we know it† (Levine 74). His approach to more serious topics angered many. Numerous people, especially parents, thought that The Butter Battle Book wasn’t appropriate for children because it deals with universal death. While The Lorax angered various people because they felt that it attacked their likelihood. Geisel states that â€Å"children are smart enough to understand these issues; they need not be helpless victims† (Levine 74). To him, empowering them and encouraging independence is one of the main goals in all of his works for children. Geisel didn’t only want to empower children but also wanted to encourage them to read and to not be afraid to use their imagination. He wanted his young readers to not only enjoy reading his books, but to get something out of them. Geisel wanted to drive them to develop their reading skills. He wrote books with a vocabulary that was appropriate for beginning readers. It is said that children learn how to read more quickly with rhymes so he intentionally wrote most of his books with rhymes. Geisel wanted to introduce children into the wonderful world of reading. He was also able to inspire many people to go above and beyond the so called limitations of the imagination. â€Å"His books encouraged readers to treasure wild flights of imagination† (MacDonald). Geisel wanted to help his young readers expand their imagination, which would also encourage brain development. He had always loved to read and he did not want the young readers to miss out on this pleasure. Geisel is thought to be one of the best children’s book authors. â€Å"For most people the thought of growing up in a world without Green Eggs and Ham, Grinches, and Cats in Hats is barely conceivable† (Levine 10). Children throughout the world have grown up with the wonderful books created by â€Å"Dr. Seuss†. â€Å"These odd creations occupy a special place in the earliest memories of children around the world† (Levine 10). He has been able to not only capture their minds but their hearts as well. Geisel’s colorful imagination, upbeat rhymes, and unique illustrations seem to have no limits. He has written books that range from simply humorous to impressively insightful. This has contributed greatly in him selling more than 200 million copies. To many â€Å"Dr. Seuss is by far the best-selling children’s author to date, and perhaps the most beloved† (Levine 10). Many people don’t like change so various people were skeptical when he wrote a book aiming towards a different audience. At the age of eighty-two, Geisel published You’re Only Old Once! which targets a more mature audience. Many people found this book to be like his other books, entertaining. While others felt that it simply did not meet the same standards that his previous books had held. The New York Times Book Review said, â€Å" There’s some amiss in the blithe assumption that the sort of rhymes which delight a four year-old†¦ will still entertain when read alone through bifocals† (Levine 81-82). However, the book still sold very well and was able to uphold many weeks on the adult best-seller list. You’re Only Old Once! didn’t make any attempt to pass as a children’s book. It was written mainly for adults and was subtitled â€Å"A Book for Obsolente Children†, which was Geisel’s way for showing it (Levine 82). Even though many people disagreed whether with book was a children’s book or not, it gathered mixed feelings. Even though many found pleasure in reading Geisel’s books, there were those who did not like the messages portrayed in some. After the war, he started to write some activist children’s books like Horton Hears a Who! , The Sneetches, and Yertle the Turtle. But none were as controversial as The Lorax and The Butter Battle Book. Most people who read The Lorax see it as a wonderful and important tale. Some, however, do not appreciate its message† (Levine 77). Since this book is focused on environmental conservation, many members of the logging and paper mill industry felt that this book attacked their jobs. One father was especially upset when his second grader came home from school after reading The Lorax and asked him â€Å"why he was destroying the forest† (Levine 77). He became infuriated and organized some members from his logging company to try to have the book banned from school. They claimed that â€Å"our kids are being brain washed. We’ve got to stop this crap right now! † (Levine 77). Even though this created a heated debate in a school board meeting, they decided to keep The Lorax on the shelves. Geisel’s responded to these complaints by stating â€Å"that the book is not a direct attack against specific U. S. industries but about his frustration over the irresponsible waste of natural resources† (Levine 77). Although The Lorax created quite an uproar, none of Geisel’s books caused as much controversy as The Butter Battle Book. This book focused on the dangers of nuclear war and because of this many parents became concerned. They would say that the subject was simply too frightening for a child. Many parents didn’t want their children to be exposed to those kinds of books. One of the biggest problem, however, was about the ending. He intentionally left â€Å"the ending hanging in the balance† (Levine 79). Some suggest that he did this in order to send the message that nuclear warfare is an unresolved issues. Despite the fact that Geisel angered a number of people with his atavist books, he was still known for his colorful imagination and numerous talents. From a young age, those around him were able to see that he was very talented. Every time his father would take him to the zoo, Geisel would bring a note pad and draw some of the animals he would see. Even though he would draw them out of proportion, his father was able to see that he had talent so he summited one of drawings to The Youth’s Companion magazine. When his father received a response, they too said that Geisel was in fact very talented. Even before he wrote one of his most popular books, The Cat in the Hat, Geisel’s talents were already very well respected. In fact they were so well respected that he was invited to his alma mater for a very special honor. Thirty years after he attended Dartmouth University, he was granted an honorary doctorate degree. When the Dartmouth University president, John Sloan Dickey, presented it to him he said, â€Å"As author and artist you single-handedly have stood†¦ between a generation of exhausted parents and the demon dragons of exhausted children on a rainy day†¦ As always with the best humor, behind the fun there has been intelligence, kindness, and a feel for humankind† (Levine 83). As years passed, Geisel gained more popularity and won more honorary doctorates throughout his life from universities such as Princeton, Brown, and Hartford. He was recognized as â€Å"an artist, a poet, a provocateur, and a marketing genius†, which are an unusual combination of talents (â€Å"Impertinent†). Although Geisel is not with us anymore, his works continue to bring joy and inspire children around the world. Theodor Seuss Geisel wasn’t simply a children’s books author, but a teacher as well. He taught children that reading should never be a chore, but a pleasure. He encouraged them to allow their imaginations run wild and disregard the opinions of others. Geisel didn’t let the mockery he received as a child effect his career choice. In fact, this became his motivation later in life. By what Theodor Seuss Geisel had to experience growing up in a German family, the impact he left to those who read his wonderful works, and the judgment he received, he will always be by far the best children’s books author and will forever remain in the hearts of those he influenced.

Reagans Address at Challenger Memorial free essay sample

A critique of former President Reagans address at the Challenger Memorial from a speech communications perspective. This paper discusses ethos, pathos and logos, the five canons, the organizational pattern, aspects of delivery, visual aids, audience, and strengths and weaknesses of Ronald Reagans speech. On January 28th, 1986, the spaceship Challenger was set to take off. NASA and the crew on board were ready, and the Challenger was launched. Only 73 seconds after takeoff, the Challenger blew up, killing all seven crew members. Ronald Reagan, the current president of the United States of America, gave a memorial speech for the Challenger crew that perished on January 31st, 1986. He spoke about the loss of the seven families and the loss of the nation as well. He described each member of the crew, saying what their achievements were, and why they were important to the team. He also said that the space program would continue, despite this tragedy. We will write a custom essay sample on Reagans Address at Challenger Memorial or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He said that every family member that he had spoken to felt that each crew member would have wanted it that way. Reagan spoke at the memorial because the explosion was such a shock.